A Check-List of the Birds of Idaho

BY


M. DALE ARVEY





UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS

MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY



Volume 1, No. 10, pp. 193-216

November 29, 1947




University of Kansas

LAWRENCE

1947

University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History



Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, H. H. Lane, Edward H. Taylor



Volume 1, No. 10, pp. 193-216

Published November 29, 1947





University of Kansas

Lawrence, Kansas





PRINTED BY

FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER

TOPEKA, KANSAS

1947



21-6960

[Pg 195]

A Check-list of the Birds of Idaho

By

M. DALE ARVEY

There is comparatively little literature dealing with the avifauna of
Idaho, mostly because relatively few persons have done field work in
the state. In the ornithological literature, there is nothing even
comparable to a "state list," so that when birds supposedly unreported
previously from Idaho are found, it is difficult to know whether or not
they should be recorded as "new" to the state. The present paper has
been prepared in the hope that it will stimulate additions to, and
corrections of, the list. It is, admittedly, a beginning.

Material for the present article was obtained from personal collecting
in the five years and ten months in which I resided in the state
(October, 1938-September, 1944). Also, the published reports that could
be found have been drawn upon; these publications are listed in the
appended bibliography. Taxonomic problems, of which many are unsolved,
are not here considered, since this is merely a list indicating whether
or not the species or subspecies, as now understood, is known to be
present, whether it is common, and where it might be found.

The nomenclature is that of the Fourth Edition of the American
Ornithologists' Union Check-list and its supplements, except where a
revision has been made that is seemingly valid but which has not yet
been acted upon by the A. O. U. Committee. For each species or
subspecies the objective is to give at least one reference to
occurrence, as to date and place, as accurately as possible.

Reference is made to southern, central, and northern Idaho. These
references denote the Snake River Plains, characterized by sagebrush
desert; the wooded regions immediately to the north of this and in the
foothills, extending to Idaho County in the west; and the so-called
Panhandle, respectively. In all, 292 kinds of birds are recorded in the
following list.

LIST OF SPECIES

Gavia immer elasson Bishop. Lesser Loon. Uncommon resident in the
lakes of northern Idaho, and generally distributed. Merrill (1897:350)
states that the species is common and resident at Fort Sherman.

Gavia stellata (Pontopiddan). Red-throated Loon. Davis (1935b:234)
records specimens taken in migration in Minidoka County at the
Minidoka[Pg 196] Irrigation Project, and Rust (1915:121) states that this
species is rare in Kootenai County.

Colymbus grisegena holböllii (Reinhardt). Holboell Grebe. Merrill
(1897:349) records this species as common in migration at Fort Sherman.

Colymbus auritus Linnaeus. Horned Grebe. Uncommon resident. Davis
(1935b:234) records the bird as a summer visitant at the Minidoka
Project.

Colymbus nigricollis californicus (Heermann). Eared Grebe. Fairly
common resident along rivers and in lakes. Rust (1915:121) records one
specimen taken on Lake Coeur d'Alene in October, 1912.

Aechmophorus occidentalis (Lawrence). Western Grebe. Uncommon
resident. Merrill (1897:349) records one specimen from Fort Sherman.

Podilymbus podiceps podiceps (Linnaeus). Pied-billed Grebe. Common
resident. Merrill (1897:350) states that it is common at Fort Sherman
in the spring and autumn.

Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Gmelin. White Pelican. Resident along the
Snake River; large nesting colonies are to be found in Bear Lake
County. See Davis (1935b:234) for nesting dates.

Phalacrocorax auritus albociliatus Ridgway. Farallon Cormorant. Davis
(1935b:234) records this bird in the Minidoka Project as a regular
migrant and gives dates of occurrence. The resident population at the
Bear Lake Refuge has been reported as subspecies auritus by Behle
(1944:68), but probably is albociliatus.

Ardea herodias treganzai Court. Treganza Great Blue Heron. Common
resident in suitable localities. (Dale Arvey 1505, 7 mi. NE Moscow,
Latah County, Idaho, February 19, 1940.)

Leucophoyx thula brewsteri (Thayer and Bangs). Brewster Egret. Davis
(1935b:234) records one specimen from the Minidoka Project, taken on
September 16, 1919, and Hayward (1934:39) reports the species as
breeding at Bear Lake Valley in Bear Lake County.

Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli (Gmelin). Black-crowned Night Heron.
Common locally. Hayward (1934:39) reports the bird as resident in Bear
Lake Valley.

Botaurus lentiginosus (Montagu). American Bittern. Fairly common
resident in suitable localities. Merrill (1897:351) records the
American Bittern as rather common at Fort Sherman.

Plegadis mexicana (Gmelin). White-faced Glossy Ibis. Vagrant.
Recorded as common at the Minidoka Project by Kenagy (1914:122).

Cygnus columbianus (Ord). Whistling Swan. Resident in the winter in
the larger lakes, and transient along the Snake River. (D. A. 1783, 1
mi. S Hagerman, Gooding County, February 1, 1940.)

Cygnus buccinator Richardson. Trumpeter Swan. Merriam (1891:91)
states that Bendire found this swan breeding on Henry Lake in 1877, and
that two were collected in August of that year. Rust (1915:123) records
the species as a rare fall migrant on Lake Coeur d'Alene. There are no
recent records.

Branta canadensis (Linnaeus). Canada Goose. Fairly common resident.
See Aldrich (1946b) for records of each subspecies.

Branta hutchinsii hutchinsii (Richardson). Hutchins Cackling Goose.
Migrant. See Aldrich (1946b) for the status of this goose.

Branta bernicla nigricans (Lawrence). Black Brant. Davis (1935b:234)
records this species as a regular migrant in Minidoka County, and
indicates that some remain all winter.

Anser albifrons albifrons (Scopoli). White-fronted Goose. Uncommon
migrant. Jones (1943:120) records a specimen from "about 10 mi. north
Pocatello, Bingham County."

Chen hyperborea hyperborea (Pallas). Lesser Snow Goose. Fairly common
transient along the Snake River. Two specimens are in the State Game
Department's mounted collection from the Snake River, probably from
near Payette, Payette County.

Chen rossi (Cassin). Ross Goose. Transient along the Snake River. The
Game Department collection has two mounted skins from "along the Snake
River."

Anas platyryhnchos platyryhnchos Linnaeus. Mallard. Very common
resident. (D. A. 1753, Boise River, 1 mi. S Middleton, Canyon County,
November 24, 1940.)

Anas acuta tzitzihoa (Vieillot). American Pintail. Resident and
common during migration. (D. A. 1752, Snake River, 1 mi. S Hammett,
Elmore County, November 16, 1940.)

Anas carolinensis Gmelin. Green-winged Teal. Common resident. (D. A.
1261, Thorn Creek, 7 mi. S Moscow, Latah County, October 30, 1938.)

Anas discors Linnaeus. Blue-winged Teal. Rare resident. Merriam
(1891:90) records two shot on Saw Tooth Lake (=Alturas Lake, Blaine
County), about October 1.

Anas cyanoptera Vieillot. Cinnamon Teal. Uncommon resident. I
observed a female with four young in Bellevue, Blaine County, in July,
1942, and Merrill (1897:350) records a female with young on June 11 at
Fort Sherman.

Anas strepera Linnaeus. Gadwall. Resident locally; fairly common in
migration. (D. A. 1310, Havenor's, 7 mi. NW Pocatello, Power County,
January 2, 1939.)

Mareca americana (Gmelin). Baldpate. Common during migration, and
resident along the Snake River. (D. A. 1747, 1 mi. W Bowman Ranch on
Boise River, Canyon County, October 26, 1940.)

Spatula clypeata (Linnaeus). Shoveller. Common in migration, and
breeds locally. (D. A. 1492, Wallace, Shoshone County, October 22,
1939.)

Aix sponsa (Linnaeus). Wood Duck. Fairly common in migration, and
resident locally. Merrill (1897:350) records it as a summer resident at
Fort Sherman.

Aythya americana (Eyton). Redhead. Fairly common migrant. Recorded by
Merrill (1897:350) at Fort Sherman.

Aythya collaris (Donovan). Ring-necked Duck. Uncommon transient.
Merrill (1897:350) records it at Fort Sherman.

Aythya valisineria (Wilson). Canvas-back. Fairly common in migration,
and recorded by Low and Nelson (1945:131) as breeding in Bonneville and
Caribou counties.[Pg 198]

Aythya marila (Linnaeus). Greater Scaup Duck. Fairly common migrant.
Davis (1935b:236) records one bird from the Minidoka Project taken on
March 28, 1920.

Aythya affinis (Eyton). Lesser Scaup Duck. Common during migration.
Davis (1935b:235) lists this bird as a regular winter visitant in
Minidoka County from October 30 to May 31.

Glaucionetta clangula americana (Bonaparte). American Golden-eye.
Common resident. (D. A. 1476, Bellevue, Blaine County, June 28, 1939.)

Glaucionetta islandica (Gmelin). Barrow Golden-eye. Uncommon
transient. Davis (1935b:234) records one specimen taken at the Minidoka
Project.

Glaucionetta albeola (Linnaeus). Buffle-head. Common migrant. (D. A.
1852, Snake River, 1 mi. S Hammett, Elmore County, November 15, 1941.)

Histrionicus histrionicus pacificus Brooks. Western Harlequin Duck.
Uncommon. Rust (1915:122) records one specimen taken on the marshes of
the St. Joseph River in Kootenai County, and Merrill (1897:350) states
that it is occasionally taken on the St. Joseph and Coeur d'Alene
rivers.

Melanitta fusca subsp.?. White-winged Scoter. Rust (1915:122) records
this bird as common on Lake Coeur d'Alene in the winter of 1913.

Melanitta perspicillata (Linnaeus). Surf Scoter. Rust (1915:122)
states that this is a rare fall migrant in Kootenai County.

Oxyura jamaicensis rubida (Wilson). Ruddy Duck. Common migrant on the
Snake River. Merrill (1897:350) records this duck as "not uncommon in
the spring and autumn" at Fort Sherman.

Lophodytes cucullatus (Linnaeus). Hooded Merganser. Common resident
in suitable localities. (D. A. 1389, Lewiston, Nezperce County, April
2, 1939.)

Mergus merganser americanus Cassin. American Merganser. Common
resident. Merrill (1897:350) states that the bird is common in fall and
winter at Fort Sherman.

Mergus serrator Linnaeus. Red-breasted Merganser. Uncommon. Merrill
(1897:350) records one specimen taken "near Fort Sherman."

Cathartes aura teter Friedmann. Western Turkey Vulture. Common
resident in southern Idaho, and transient elsewhere. Merrill (1897:352)
records it as a summer resident at Fort Sherman.

Accipiter gentilis striatulus (Ridgway). Western Goshawk. Fairly
common migrant, and possibly resident. Hand (1933b:36) reports it as
resident in northern Idaho. (D. A. 1317, 1318, Nezperce, Lewis County,
January 9 and 12, 1939.)

Accipiter striatus velox (Wilson). Sharp-shinned Hawk. Common
resident. (D. A. 1296, 4-1/2 mi. NE Genessee, Latah County, November
27, 1938.)

Accipiter cooperii (Bonaparte). Cooper Hawk. Common resident in the
forests. (D. A. 1450, Sandpoint, Bonner County, May 24, 1939.)

Buteo jamaicensis calurus Cassin. Western Red-tailed Hawk. Common
resident. (D. A. 1352, Moscow, Latah County, March 18, 1939.)

Buteo platypterus platypterus (Vieillot). Broad-winged Hawk. Davis
(1936:86) records one specimen of this hawk taken on May 23, 1935, at
Castle Creek, 8 mi. S Oreana, Owyhee County.

Buteo swainsoni Bonaparte. Swainson Hawk. Common resident. (D. A.
1451, Moscow, Latah County, May 21, 1939.)[Pg 199]

Buteo lagopus s. johannis (Gmelin). American Rough-legged Hawk.
Common migrant and possibly resident. (D. A. 1301, 11 mi. SE Genessee,
Nezperce County, November 27, 1938.)

Buteo regalis (Gray). Ferruginous Rough-leg. Uncommon migrant. (D. A.
1326, 4 mi. N Minidoka Power Plant, Minidoka County, January 27, 1939.)

Aquila chrysaëtos canadensis (Linnaeus). Golden Eagle. Uncommon
resident. Merrill (1897:353) stated that the species occurred
"sparingly" at Fort Sherman.

Haliaeetus leucocephalus washingtoniensis (Audubon). Northern Bald
Eagle. Uncommon resident in northern Idaho, Merrill (1897:353) stated
that a few pairs bred about Lake Coeur d'Alene.

Circus cyaneus hudsonius (Linnaeus). Marsh Hawk. Very common
resident. (D. A. 1371, Havenor's, 7 mi. NW Pocatello, Power County,
April 1, 1939.)

Pandion haliaetus carolinensis (Gmelin). Osprey. Uncommon resident.
Merrill (1897:353) reported the bird as frequent in the summer at Fort
Sherman.

Falco mexicanus Schlegel. Prairie Falcon. Fairly common resident. (D.
A. 1319, American Falls, Bingham County, January 16, 1939.)

Falco peregrinus anatum Bonaparte. Duck Hawk. Uncommon resident. Bond
(1946:104) lists this bird as a rare breeder in Idaho.

Falco columbarius bendirei Swann. Western Pigeon Hawk. Rust
(1915:124) records one specimen from Coeur d'Alene as subspecies
columbarius; although the skin has not been checked by me, it would
seem to be more likely of subspecies bendirei, corresponding to
others taken in northern Idaho.

Falco sparverius sparverius Linnaeus. Eastern Sparrow Hawk. Common
resident. (D. A. 1267, Little Bear Ridge, 5 mi. SW Troy, Latah County,
November 2, 1939.)

Dendragapus obscurus (Say). Blue Grouse. Common resident.

Canachites franklinii (Douglas). Franklin Grouse. Uncommon resident.
I have observed the birds in the Selway National Forest, in Idaho
County, and specimens have been taken in Bonner County. (D. A. 1336,
1337, 6 mi. S Coolin, Bonner County, February 19, 1939.)

Bonasa umbellus (Linnaeus). Ruffed Grouse. Common resident. See
Aldrich and Friedman (1943) for ranges of the following races.

Lagopus leucurus altipetens Osgood. Southern White-tailed Ptarmigan.
Several specimens of this bird are mounted in a collection in Idaho
City, having been collected "in the vicinity."

Pedioecetes phasianellus columbianus (Ord). Columbian Sharp-tailed
Grouse. One specimen was sent me from Bonner County, where the species
was said to be fairly abundant. (D. A. 1513, 15 mi. N Priest River,
Bonner County, April 1, 1940.)

Centrocercus urophasianus (Bonaparte). Sage Grouse. Common locally.
Previously numerous, and now recovering from a severe decline in
numbers. Merriam (1891:93) speaks of using these birds for fresh meat
during much of his trip.

Perdix perdix perdix (Linnaeus). European Partridge. Common since its
introduction.

Colinus virginianus texanus (Lawrence). Texas Bob-white. Common
resident in southern Idaho. Merriam (1891:92) states that the birds
were first introduced at Boise, Ada County.

Lophortyx californica brunnescens Ridgway. California Quail.
Introduced into southern Idaho; not numerous but establishing itself in
the foothills.

Oreortyx picta picta (Douglas). Plumed Quail. Common resident. Wyman
(1912c:538) states that this species was not present in Idaho prior to
about 1900, having at that time extended its range from Oregon.

Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus. Ring-necked Pheasant. Common resident
since its introduction; there is considerable admixture of races in the
stock.

Grus canadensis tabida (Peters). Sandhill Crane. Uncommon resident.
Merriam (1891:91) reports the bird breeding near Fort Lapwai, Nezperce
County, in June 1871, and Davis (1935b:234) states that it is a regular
migrant at the Minidoka Project.

Rallus limicola limicola Vieillot. Virginia Rail. Davis (1923) states
that this rail is uncommon at the Minidoka Project, but that it was
abundant in earlier years.

Porzana carolina (Linnaeus). Sora. Uncommon resident. Merriam
(1891:91) recorded this species from Big Lost River, "about 8 mi. above
Arco," Butte County, on July 26.

Fulica americana Gmelin. American Coot. Common resident. (D. A. 1745,
Notus, Canyon County, October 20, 1940.)

Charadrius vociferus vociferus Linnaeus. Killdeer. Common resident in
the Transition Life-zone. Rust (1915:123) records the earliest arrival
date for the bird in Kootenai County as March 9, 1913, and says that it
leaves by September 1.

Pluvialis dominica fulva (Gmelin). Pacific Golden Plover. Sloanaker
(1925:73) records one specimen of this bird, shot from a flock of four
near Coeur d'Alene on Lake Chactolet on October 1, 1923.

Squatarola squatarola (Linnaeus). Black-bellied Plover. Rust
(1915:123) records one specimen of this bird taken on the St. Joseph
marshes, Kootenai County.[Pg 201]

Capella gallinago delicata (Ord). Wilson Snipe. Fairly common
resident. (D. A. 1739, Boise River, 3 mi. W Boise, Ada County, October
17, 1940.)

Numenius americanus Bechstein. Long-billed Curlew. Uncommon resident.
See Oberholser (1918) for ranges of the following subspecies.

Actitis macularia (Linnaeus). Spotted Sandpiper. Common resident in
the Canadian Life-zone. (D. A. 1807, junction of Simmon's Cr. and Boise
River, Boise County, July 5, 1941.)

Tringa solitaria cinnamomea (Brewster). Western Solitary Sandpiper.
Davis (1935b:236) took one specimen on April 9, 1920 at the Minidoka
Project, and records the bird as erratic in occurrence.

Catoptrophorus semipalmatus inornatus (Brewster). Western Willet.
Davis (1935b:235) records this bird as a summer visitant at the
Minidoka Project, and gives dates of its occurrence there.

Totanus melanoleucus (Gmelin). Greater Yellow-legs. Davis (1935b:234)
records this bird at the Minidoka Project in migration.

Totanus flavipes (Gmelin). Lesser Yellow-legs. Fairly common in
migration. (D. A. 1742, Notus, Canyon County, October 20, 1940.)

Erolia melanotos (Vieillot). Pectoral Sandpiper. Merrill (1897:351)
records this bird as common in 1896 from August to October at Fort
Sherman, and a number of specimens were taken.

Erolia minutilla (Vieillot). Least Sandpiper. Fairly common migrant.
Davis (1935b:234) gives dates of migration of this bird at the Minidoka
Project.

Limnodromus griseus scolopaceus (Say). Long-billed Dowitcher. Merrill
(1897:351) collected five specimens on September 12 on the St. Joseph
marshes.

Micropalama himantopus (Bonaparte). Stilt Sandpiper. Davis
(1935b:234) collected one bird at the Minidoka Project on May 13, 1919,
and stated that the species was erratic in occurrence.

Ereunetes mauri Cabanis. Western Sandpiper. Rust (1917:32) recorded
this bird on August 27 near Spencer, Fremont County, and also at Henry
Lake.

Limosa fedoa (Linnaeus). Marbled Godwit. Davis (1935b:236) records
one specimen taken on August 1, 1920, at the Minidoka Project.

Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus). Hudsonian Godwit. Davis (1935b:236)
records one bird taken at the Minidoka Project on July 7, 1919.

Crocethia alba (Pallas). Sanderling. Davis (1935b:236) records this
bird from the Minidoka Project in migration, and he took one specimen
on May 19, 1921.

Recurvirostra americana Gmelin. Avocet. Uncommon resident in southern
Idaho. (D. A. 1631, Snake River at Hagerman, Gooding County, June 16,
1940.)

Himantopus mexicanus (Müller). Black-necked Stilt. Davis (1935b:235)
records this bird from Minidoka as a summer visitant, and gives dates
of its occurrence.[Pg 202]

Phalaropus fulicarius (Linnaeus). Red Phalarope. Hand (1935:180)
reports one bird of this species in October on the St. Joseph River at
St. Maries, Benewah County.

Steganopus tricolor Vieillot. Wilson Phalarope. Uncommon. Davis
(1935b:236) took one specimen at the Minidoka Project on May 13, 1919.

Lobipes lobatus (Linnaeus). Northern Phalarope. Uncommon resident.
Davis (1935b:236) reports the species as erratic at the Minidoka
Project, where he took one specimen on May 13, 1919.

Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck). Pomarine Jaeger. Davis (1935b:236)
took one bird "on the Snake River," on September 4, 1919.

Larus argentatus thayeri Brooks. Thayer Gull. Merrill (1897:350)
records several birds of this species taken in the fall and winter on
Lake Coeur d'Alene.

Larus californicus Lawrence. California Gull. Common in the winter,
and possibly breeds along the Snake River. Davis (1935b:235) records
this bird as a common summer visitant at the Minidoka Project.

Larus delawarensis Ord. Ring-billed Gull. Uncommon straggler. Merrill
(1897:350) records it in the winter at Fort Sherman.

Larus pipixcan Wagler. Franklin Gull. Late winter and spring
straggler. See Slipp (1942).

Larus philadelphia (Ord). Bonaparte Gull. This gull is recorded by
Merrill (1897:350) as taken at Fort Sherman in November.

Sterna forsteri Nuttall. Forster Tern. Davis (1935b:235) lists this
bird as a summer visitant in Minidoka County, and gives dates of its
occurrence there.

Sterna hirundo hirundo Linnaeus. Common Tern. Rust (1915:121) states
that this tern is rare in Kootenai County.

Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas). Caspian Tern. Common during migration.
Davis (1935b:234) records the species as common in migration at the
Minidoka Project, and gives dates of its occurrence.

Chlidonias nigra surinamensis (Gmelin). Black Tern. Fairly common on
lakes; evidently resident. Rust (1915:121) records this bird as common
in June, 1914, on the St. Joseph Marshes.

Columba fasciata fasciata Say. Band-tailed Pigeon. Rare at present.
Merrill (1897:349) states that Cooper listed this bird in what is now
Idaho.

Zenaidura macroura marginella (Woodhouse). Western Mourning Dove.
Common summer resident, frequently remaining in winter. Rust (1915:123)
lists the bird as a fairly common summer resident in Kootenai County.

Ectopistes migratorius (Linnaeus). Passenger Pigeon. Extinct. Merrill
(1897:349) states that Cooper listed this species from Montana and from
what is now Idaho.

Coccyzus americanus occidentalis Ridgway. California Cuckoo. This
bird was reported by Davis (1935b:236), as taken May 16, 1918 at the
Minidoka Project, and he says that nests have been taken near Rupert by
Kenagy.

Coccyzus erythropthalmus (Wilson). Black-billed Cuckoo. One breeding
bird of this species was reported by Arvey (1941:291), taken at Slide
Gulch on the Boise River, Boise County, on July 10, 1941. Since this
time I have observed the bird twice in Boise, Ada County, in the
summer.[Pg 203]

Tyto alba pratincola (Bonaparte). Barn Owl. Uncommon resident. One
specimen in the University of Idaho collection of mounted birds was
taken near Moscow, Latah County.

Otus asio (Linnaeus). Screech Owl. Common resident.

Otus flammeolus flammeolus (Kaup). Flammulated Screech Owl. Rare
resident. Specimens have been taken in two localities. Merriam
(1891:96) took one specimen on the west side of Big Wood River, "only a
few miles north of Ketchum, September 22," 1890. The record from Blaine
County and the one of Rust (1915:125), near Fernan Lake, September 28,
1914, are the only two positive records of this species to my
knowledge.

Bubo virginianus (Gmelin). Great Horned Owl. Common resident. See A.
O. U. Check-list (1931).

Nyctea scandiaca (Linnaeus). Snowy Owl. Casual migrant. Merrill
(1897:352) stated that there was an invasion of owls of this species in
the winter of 1896-'97, and many were observed during that time at Fort
Sherman.

Surnia ulula caparoch (Müller). American Hawk Owl. Uncommon. Hand
(1933a:32) reports one specimen of this owl taken at Stanley Butte, 10
mi. S Lochsa River, Idaho County, on November 3, 1925, and mentions one
other observed in the summer. He suggests that the bird breeds in
northern Idaho.

Glaucidium gnoma californicum Sclater. California Pygmy Owl. Fairly
common resident in the Canadian Life-zone. Specimens seem referable to
subspecies pinicola, recently synonymized by the A. O. U. Committee.
(D. A. 1311, Priest River, Bonner County, January 3, 1939.)

Speotyto cunicularia hypugaea (Bonaparte). Western Burrowing Owl.
Fairly common local resident. (D. A. 1388, 10 mi. W Boise, Ada County,
April 2, 1939.)

Strix nebulosa nebulosa Forster. Great Gray Owl. Vagrant. A specimen,
D. A. 1303, taken on December 8, 1938, was sent me from 9 mi. NE
Grangeville, Idaho County, December 8, 1938.

Asio otus wilsonianus (Lesson). Long-eared Owl. Fairly common
resident. (D. A. 1532, 5 mi. SW Moscow, Latah County, April 29, 1940.)

Asio flammeus flammeus (Pontoppidan). Short-eared Owl. Very common
resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1346, 2 mi. S Moscow,
Latah County, March 7, 1939.)

Aegolius funereus richardsoni (Bonaparte). Richardson Owl. Rust
(1915:125) records this bird as a rare winter visitor in Kootenai
County, and Merrill (1897:353) lists two specimens taken "early in the
spring of 1894 ... about seven miles from the fort."[Pg 204]

Aegolius acadicus acadicus (Gmelin). Saw-whet Owl. Rare. Davis
(1935b:235) says that this is a regular winter visitor at the Minidoka
Project, and Merrill (1897:353) lists one specimen taken at Fort
Sherman, on January 19.

Phalaenoptilus nuttallii nuttallii (Audubon). Nuttall Poorwill.
Uncommon resident. Merriam (1891:98) records this species from "the
lava beds west of Blackfoot" on July 17, 1872.

Chordeiles minor hesperis Grinnell. Pacific Nighthawk. Common
resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1468, 2 mi. S Hailey, on
Wood River, Blaine County, June 25, 1939.)

Chaetura vauxi vauxi (Townsend). Vaux Swift. Merrill (1897:354)
reports this bird as resident at Fort Sherman, as does Burleigh
(1923:658) at Clark's Fork, Bonner County.

Aëronautes saxatalis saxatalis (Woodhouse). White-throated Swift.
Fairly common resident in suitable localities. The Museum of Vertebrate
Zoölogy has one specimen of this bird taken on Salmon Creek, 8 mi. W
Rogerson, Twin Falls County.

Archilochus alexandri (Boucier and Mulsant). Black-chinned
Hummingbird. Rust (1915:125) records this species as resident in
Kootenai County.

Selasphorus platycercus platycercus (Swainson). Broad-tailed
Hummingbird. Common resident in southern Idaho. Davis (1935b:236)
states that the bird is of erratic occurrence at the Minidoka Project.

Selasphorus rufus (Gmelin). Rufous Hummingbird. Fairly common
resident. Merrill (1897:355) states that this species is common in
spring at Fort Sherman.

Stellula calliope (Gould). Calliope Hummingbird. Common resident. (D.
A. 1541, 10 mi. NE Moscow, Latah County, May 10, 1940.)

Megaceryle alcyon caurina (Grinnell). Western Belted Kingfisher.
Common resident in suitable localities. (D. A. 1518, 7 mi. NE Moscow,
Latah County, April 19, 1940.)

Colaptes cafer (Gmelin). Red-shafted Flicker. Common resident.

Hylatomus pileatus picinus (Bangs). Western Pileated Woodpecker.
Fairly common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1498, 10 mi.
NE Moscow, Latah County, November 18, 1939.)

Asyndesmus lewis Gray. Lewis Woodpecker. Common resident. Merrill
(1897:354) records this bird as common "around Fort Sherman."

Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis Baird. Red-naped Sapsucker. Fairly common
resident. (D. A. 1485, 10 mi. SW Riggins, Idaho County, September 15,
1939.)

Sphyrapicus thyroideus thyroideus (Cassin). Williamson Sapsucker.
Uncommon resident. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has one specimen
taken on the W rim Copenhagen Basin, 8400 ft., Wasatch Mountains, Bear
Lake County.

Dendrocopos villosus monticola Anthony. Rocky Mountain Hairy
Woodpecker.[Pg 205] Common resident. (D. A. 1662, 4 mi. NW Pollock, Idaho
County, July 1, 1940.)

Dendrocopos pubescens leucurus (Hartlaub). Batchelder Woodpecker.
Common resident. (D. A. 1495, Potlatch, Latah County, November 3,
1939.)

Dendrocopos albolarvatus albolarvatus (Cassin). Northern White-headed
Woodpecker. Uncommon resident. (D. A. 1434, 10 mi. SW Riggins, Idaho
County, May 14, 1939.)

Picoïdes arcticus (Swainson). Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker. Uncommon
resident in northern Idaho. Merrill (1897:354) reports these birds as
resident at Fort Sherman.

Picoïdes tridactylus (Linnaeus). Uncommon resident.

Tyrannus tyrannus (Linnaeus). Eastern Kingbird. Common resident in
northern Idaho; casual in southern portion. (Univ. Idaho, No. 39,
Moscow, Latah County, May 19, 1937.)

Tyrannus verticalis Say. Arkansas Kingbird. Common resident in
southern Idaho. (D. A. 1794, Arrowrock Reservoir, Boise County, June
15, 1941.)

Myiarchus cinerascens cinerascens (Lawrence). Ash-throated
Flycatcher. Uncommon resident in southern Idaho. (D. A. 1837, Head
Taylor Creek, Boise National Forest, Boise County, August 7, 1941.)

Sayornis saya saya (Bonaparte). Say Phoebe. Fairly common resident in
southern Idaho. (D. A. 1720, 4 mi. NW Pollock, Idaho County.)

Empidonax traillii brewsteri Oberholser. Little Flycatcher. Fairly
common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (Univ. Idaho No. 121,
Moscow Mountain, Latah County, June 15, 1938.)

Empidonax hammondii (Xantus). Hammond Flycatcher. Uncommon resident
in the Transition Life-zone. (Univ. Idaho No. 62, Avery, Latah County,
July 10, 1937.)

Empidonax wrightii Baird. Wright Flycatcher. Common resident in the
Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1560, Robinson's Lake, 10 mi. E Moscow,
Latah County, May 16, 1940.)

Empidonax griseus Brewster. Gray Flycatcher. Davis (1934) records one
specimen of this species taken June 3, 1934, at Riddle, Owyhee County.

Contopus richardsonii richardsonii (Swainson). Western Wood Pewee.
Common resident. (D. A. 1617, 9 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah County, June 5,
1940.)

Nuttallornis borealis (Swainson). Olive-sided Flycatcher. Uncommon
resident. (D. A. 1786, Idaho City, Boise County, May 23, 1941.)

Eremophila alpestris (Linnaeus). Horned Lark. Common resident. See
Behle (1942) for ranges of the following races.

Tachycineta thalassina lepida Mearns. Violet-green Swallow. Common
resident. (D. A. 1654, 4 mi. NW Pollock, Idaho County, June 27, 1940.)

Iridoprocne bicolor (Vieillot). Tree Swallow. Fairly common resident.
Burleigh (1923:655) records the birds at Clark's Fork, Bonner County.

Riparia riparia riparia (Linnaeus). Bank Swallow. Fairly common
resident in suitable localities. (D. A. 1453, 4-1/2 mi. SW Moscow,
Latah County, May 26, 1939.)

Stelgidopteryx ruficollis serripennis (Audubon). Rough-winged
Swallow. Low (1945:132) records a colony of these birds and Bank
Swallows nesting together at Gray's Lake, in Caribou County.

Hirundo rustica erythrogaster Boddaert. Barn Swallow. Common
resident. (D. A. 1420, Troy, Latah County, May 6, 1939.)

Petrochelidon pyrronota albifrons (Rafinesque). Northern Cliff
Swallow. Common resident. (D. A. 1415, Troy, Latah County, May 6,
1939.)

Perisoreus canadensis bicolor A. H. Miller. Idaho Jay. Common
resident in central and northern Idaho. (D. A. 1344, Blue Creek, 8 mi.
NE Priest Lake, Bonner County, March 5, 1939.)

Cyanocitta stelleri annectens (Baird). Black-headed Jay. Common
resident. (D. A. 1257, Moscow Mountain, Latah County, October 25,
1938.)

Aphelocoma coerulescens woodhousei (Baird). Woodhouse Jay. Uncommon
resident in southern Idaho. The A. O. U. Check-list records this
species from southern Idaho; it is resident in the piñon-juniper
association.

Pica pica hudsonia (Sabine). American Magpie. Common resident. (D. A.
1782, Star, Canyon County, May 1, 1940.)

Corvus corax sinuatus Wagler. American Raven. Common resident in
southern Idaho. Davis (1935b:235) lists the bird as a regular winter
visitant at the Minidoka Project.

Corvus brachyrynchos hesperis Ridgway. Western Crow. Common resident.
Davis (1935b:235) lists the bird as a winter visitant at the Minidoka
Project.

Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus Wied. Piñon Jay. Resident locally in
piñon-juniper association. Davis (1935b:235) states that this is a
regular winter visitant in Minidoka County.

Nucifraga columbiana (Wilson). Clark Nutcracker. Common resident of
forested areas of central and northern Idaho. See Burleigh (1923:655).

Parus atricapillus Linnaeus. Black-capped Chickadee. Very common
resident. See Duvall (1945) for ranges of the following races.

Parus gambeli Ridgway. Mountain Chickadee. Common resident in the
Transition Life-zone.[Pg 207]

Parus rufescens rufescens Townsend. Chestnut-backed Chickadee.
Resident in central and northern Idaho. Rust (1915:129) records the
bird from Fernan Lake, Kootenai County.

Parus inornatus griseus (Ridgway). Gray Titmouse. Fairly common
resident in southeastern Idaho in the piñon-juniper association. (D. A.
1366, Pocatello Creek, 3 mi. E Pocatello, Bannock County, April 2,
1939.)

Psaltriparus minimus plumbeus (Baird). Lead-colored Bush-tit.
Uncommon resident in the piñon-juniper association of southern Idaho.
The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has specimens collected by me at S
Fork Owyhee River, 12 mi. N Nevada line, Owyhee County.

Sitta carolinensis tenuissima Grinnell. Inyo Nuthatch. Fairly common
resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1286, 3 mi. NE Princeton,
Latah County, November 20, 1938.)

Sitta canadensis Linnaeus. Red-breasted Nuthatch. Common resident in
the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1905, 11 mi. SSW Idaho City, Boise
County, October 20, 1946.)

Sitta pygmaea melanotis van Rossem. Black-eared Nuthatch. Fairly
common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1552, 10 mi. NE
Moscow, Latah County, May 11, 1940.)

Certhia familiaris caurina Aldrich. Northwestern Creeper. Common
resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1304, Paradise Ridge, 3
mi. S Moscow, Latah County, December 10, 1938.)

Cinclus mexicanus unicolor Bonaparte. Dipper. Common resident. Rust
(1915:128) reports that this bird is regularly seen along mountain
streams in Kootenai County.

Troglodytes aëdon parkmanii Audubon. Western House Wren. Common
resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 50, Moscow, Latah County, May 25, 1937.)

Troglodytes troglodytes pacificus Baird. Western Winter Wren.
Uncommon resident in the Canadian Life-zone of central and northern
Idaho. (D. A. 1269, Lochsa River, at Van Camp, Idaho County, November
5, 1939.)

Telmatodytes palustris pulverius Aldrich. Northwestern Long-billed
Marsh Wren. Common resident in suitable localities. (D. A. 1769, 2 mi.
SW Notus, Canyon County, February 20, 1941.)

Catherpes mexicanus griseus Aldrich. Northern Canyon Wren. Uncommon
resident in southern Idaho, extending north at least to Idaho County.
(D. A. 1702, 4 mi. NW Pollock, Idaho County, July 15, 1940.)

Salpinctes obsoletus obsoletus (Say). Common Rock Wren. Resident in
southern Idaho. (D. A. 1799, Boise, Ada County, June 24, 1941.)

Dumetella carolinensis ruficrissa Aldrich. Western Catbird. Common
resident in northern Idaho, and possibly in the southern portion of the
state. (D. A. 1467, 2 mi. NE Moscow, Latah County, June 2, 1939.)[Pg 208]

Oreoscoptes montanus (Townsend). Sage Thrasher. Resident in the
sagebrush area from Idaho County south. (D. A. 1645, 4 mi. NW Pollock,
Idaho County, June 25, 1940.)

Turdus migratorius Linnaeus. Robin. Common resident in the Transition
Life-zone.

Ixoreus naevius meruloides (Swainson). Northern Varied Thrush.
Uncommon resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1231, Moscow,
Latah County, October 7, 1938.)

Hylocichla guttata (Pallas). Hermit Thrush. Fairly common resident.

Hylocichla ustulata almae Oberholser. Western Olive-backed Thrush.
Fairly common resident. (D. A. 1616, 9 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah County,
June 5, 1940.)

Hylocichla fuscescens salicicola Ridgway. Willow Thrush. Fairly
common resident. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has specimens of this
species, taken at Castle Creek Ranger Station, Idaho County, 7 mi. SE
Murphy, Owyhee County, and 3 mi. W Swan Valley, Bonneville County.

Sialia mexicanus occidentalis Townsend. Western Bluebird. Resident in
northern Idaho. Rust (1915:129) states that the species is fairly
common at Coeur d'Alene Lake.

Sialia currucoides (Bechstein). Mountain Bluebird. Very common
resident. (D. A. 1789, Black Creek, 12 mi. SE Boise, Ada County, March
7, 1941.)

Myadestes townsendi (Audubon). Townsend Solitaire. Uncommon resident
in the boreal zones. (D. A. 1294, 7 mi. E Genessee, Latah County,
November 27, 1938.)

Polioptila caerulea amoenissima Grinnell. Western Gnatcatcher.
Brodkorb (1935b:312) records one specimen of this bird taken at 6,000
ft. "about eight miles southwest of Raymond, Bear Lake County," on
October 7, 1932.

Regulus satrapa olivaceus Baird. Western Golden-crowned Kinglet.
Resident; fairly common in winter. (D. A. 1229, Moscow, Latah County,
October 1, 1938.)

Regulus calendula cineraceus Grinnell. Western Ruby-crowned Kinglet.
Resident; one of the most common winter birds. (D. A. 1902, Cottonwood
Creek, 5 mi. NNE Boise, Ada County, October 5, 1946.)

Anthus spinoletta pacificus Todd. Western Pipit. Common migrant. (D.
A. 1849, Black Creek Reservoir, 12 mi. SE Boise, Ada County, October
11, 1941.)

Bombycilla garrulus pallidiceps Reichenow. Bohemian Waxwing. Common
sporadically in winter. Taylor (1918:226) reported this bird breeding
near Sandpoint, Bonner County.

Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot. Cedar Waxwing. Very common in winter,[Pg 209]
often with the preceding species; resident in Kootenai and Bonner
counties, and probably elsewhere in the State. Rust (1915:128) records
a nest with three fresh eggs on June 28 at Fernan Creek, Kootenai
County.

Lanius excubitor invictus Grinnell. Northwestern Shrike. Casual
migrant. (D. A. 1875, Boise, Ada County, February 3, 1943.)

Lanius ludovicianus gambeli Ridgway. California Shrike. Miller
(1931:79) states that the resident population of this species is
referred to this race. Common resident in the Sonoran zones.

Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus. Starling. These birds have been reported
for several years; specimens were first reported by Jones (1946:142)
from Bannock County.

Vireo huttoni huttoni Cassin. Hutton Vireo. Very common resident in
the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1413, Troy, Latah County, May 6,
1939.)

Vireo solitarius cassinii Xantus. Cassin Vireo. Common resident in
the Transition Life-zone. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has a
specimen taken 3 mi. W Payette Lake, Adams County.

Vireo olivaceus (Linnaeus). Red-eyed Vireo. Common resident. The
Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has a specimen of this vireo taken 4 mi. W
Meadow Creek, Idaho County.

Vireo gilvus swainsonii Baird. Western Warbling Vireo. Very common
resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 119, Moscow, Latah County, June 14, 1938.)

Vermivora celata orestera Oberholser. Rocky Mountain Orange-crowned
Warbler. Common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 204, Moscow, Latah County,
August 16, 1938.)

Vermivora ruficapilla ridgwayi van Rossem. Calaveras Warbler.
Burleigh (1923:662) states that this warbler is fairly common at
Clark's Fork, Bonner County, in July and August.

Dendroica petechia morcomi Coale. Rocky Mountain Yellow Warbler. Very
common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 175, Moscow Mountain, Latah County,
July 29, 1938.)

Dendroica auduboni auduboni (Townsend). Audubon Warbler. Common
resident. (D. A. 1555, 10 mi. NE Moscow, Latah County, May 11, 1940.)

Dendroica nigrescens (Townsend). Black-throated Gray Warbler. Fairly
common in migration, and probably resident. The Museum of Vertebrate
Zoölogy has a specimen taken at Indian Creek, 12 mi. SE Riddle, Owyhee
County.

Dendroica townsendi (Townsend). Townsend Warbler. Fairly common in
migration. Burleigh (1923:663) states that the bird is resident at
Clark's Fork, Bonner County.

Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis Ridgway. Grinnell Water-thrush.
Merrill (1897:349) records this bird from the State.

Oporornis tolmiei (Townsend). Macgillivray Warbler. Common resident.
(D. A. 1421, Troy, Latah County, May 6, 1939.)

Geothlypis trichas occidentalis Brewster. Western Yellow-throat.
Common resident in suitable localities. (D. A. 1863, 2 mi. W Boise, Ada
County, May 8, 1942.)

Icteria virens auricollis (Lichtenstein). Long-tailed Chat. Common
resident. (D. A. 1800, Cinch Creek, Arrowrock Reservoir, Boise County,
June 28, 1941.)[Pg 210]

Wilsonia pusilla pileolata (Pallas). Northern Pileolated Warbler.
Burleigh (1923:663) records this bird as a common resident at Clark's
Fork, Bonner County; uncommon in southern Idaho.

Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus). American Redstart. There are some
records of casual visitants in southern Idaho, and Burleigh (1923:663)
states that it is a summer resident at Clark's Fork, Bonner County.

Passer domesticus (Linnaeus). English Sparrow. This cosmopolitan bird
can be found wherever there is a human habitation.

Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linnaeus). Bobolink. Resident in northern
Idaho. Burleigh (1923:655) states that the bird is resident at Clark's
Fork, Bonner County.

Sturnella neglecta Audubon. Western Meadowlark. Common resident. (D.
A. 1876, Boise, Ada County, May 12, 1943.)

Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Bonaparte). Yellow-headed Blackbird.
Common resident along the Snake River in southern Idaho. (D. A. 1628,
Hagerman, on Snake River, Gooding County, June 16, 1940.)

Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus). Red-wing. Common resident.

Icterus bullockii bullockii (Swainson). Bullock Oriole. Common
resident. (D. A. 1655, 4 mi. NW Pollock, Idaho County, June 27, 1940.)

Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wagler). Brewer Blackbird. Common resident.
(D. A. 1894, nest and four eggs, Boise, Ada County, May 10, 1944.)

Molothrus ater artemisiae Grinnell. Nevada Cowbird. Fairly common
bird in the Upper Sonoran Life-zone. (D. A. 1460, 4-1/2 mi. SW Moscow,
Latah County, May 26, 1939.)

Piranga ludoviciana (Wilson). Western Tanager. Very common resident
in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1570, 10 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah
County, May 19, 1940.)

Pheucticus melanocephalus melanocephalus (Swainson). Rocky Mountain
Grosbeak. Resident in the Transition Life-zone. (Univ. Idaho No. 51
Moscow Mountain, Latah County, May 30, 1937.)

Passerina amoena (Say). Lazuli Bunting. Very common resident in the
Upper Sonoran Life-zone. (D. A. 1802, Cinch Creek, Arrowrock Reservoir,
Boise County, June 28, 1941.)

Hesperiphona vespertina brooksi Grinnell. Western Evening Grosbeak.
Resident in the Transition Life-zone; large flocks of these birds are
commonly observed in winter. (D. A. 1527, 10 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah
County, April 20, 1940.)

Carpodacus cassinii Baird. Cassin Purple Finch. Common resident in
the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1822, Head Crooked River, Sawtooth
Range, Boise County, August 6, 1941.)

Carpodacus mexicanus solitudinis Moore. Desert House Finch. Common
resident. (D. A. 1889, Boise, Ada County, April 24, 1944.)

Pinicola enucleator montana Ridgway. Rocky Mountain Pine Grosbeak.[Pg 211]
Resident on the boreal summits of the mountains. (D. A. 1321, Moscow
Mountain, Latah County, January 26, 1939.)

Leucosticte tephrocotis Swainson. Rosy Finch. Resident in the boreal
zones; observed casually in winter. Various races of this species are
present in the State, but only the following two are here listed until
there is further clarification of the status of the other races of the
species.

Leucosticte atrata Ridgway. Black Rosy Finch. Resident in the Salmon
Mountains. See A. O. U. Check-list (1931) for the range of this
species.

Acanthis flammea flammea (Linnaeus). Common Redpoll. Rust (1915:127)
lists this bird as a winter visitant in Kootenai County, and one
specimen was obtained in Bonner County. (D. A. 1334, 6 mi. S Coolin,
Bonner County, February 19, 1939.)

Spinus pinus vagrans Aldrich. Western Pine Siskin. Common resident in
the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1857, Horseshoe Bend, Boise County,
December 10, 1941.)

Spinus tristis pallidus Mearns. Pale Goldfinch. Common resident. (D.
A. 1622, 4 mi. ESE Boise, Ada County, March 14, 1941.)

Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus. Red Crossbill. Uncommon resident in the
Canadian Life-zone.

Loxia leucoptera leucoptera Gmelin. White-winged Crossbill. Davis
(1935b:236) records this bird from the Minidoka Project on December 18,
1919, and Jewett (1912b:193) took one specimen in the Sawtooth
Mountains.

Chlorura chlorura (Audubon). Green-tailed Towhee. Breeding
individuals of this species have been taken at the Minidoka Project by
Davis (1930:136).

Pipilo maculatus Swainson. Spotted Towhee. Common resident in the
Transition Life-zone.

Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger. Lark Bunting. Davis (1935b:236)
records this species as erratic at the Minidoka Project, where he took
a specimen on May 29, 1921.

Passerculus sandwichensis nevadensis Grinnell. Nevada Savannah
Sparrow. Common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 57, Moscow, Latah County,
September 25, 1937.)

Pooecetes gramineus confinis Baird. Western Vesper Sparrow. Common
resident. (D. A. 1391, Moscow, Latah County, April 16, 1939.)

Chondestes grammacus strigatus Swainson. Western Lark Sparrow.
Common[Pg 212] resident. (D. A. 1579, 3 mi. SW Moscow, Latah County, May 21,
1940.)

Amphispiza belli nevadensis (Ridgway). Northern Sage Sparrow.
Resident in southern Idaho. Davis (1935b:236) took one specimen in
Minidoka on May 19, 1921.

Junco hyemalis cismontanus Dwight. Slate-colored Junco. Fairly common
winter visitant with other juncos. See Miller (1941:329) for records of
these birds.

Junco oreganus Townsend. Oregon Junco. Common resident. See Miller
(1941:238) for ranges of the following subspecies.

Junco caniceps caniceps (Woodhouse). Gray-headed Junco. Miller
(1941:180) states that some hybridization occurs between this species
and oreganus in Bannock and Cassia counties. It is resident in
southeastern Idaho.

Spizella arborea ochracea Brewster. Western Tree Sparrow. Fairly
common resident in central and northern Idaho. (D. A. 1516, nest and
eggs, Moscow, Latah County, April 6, 1940.)

Spizella passerina arizonae Coues. Western Chipping Sparrow. Very
common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1805, junction of
Dutch Creek and Boise River, Boise County, July 4, 1941.)

Spizella breweri breweri Cassin. Brewer Sparrow. Resident in southern
Idaho. Davis (1935b:235) records the bird as a summer resident at the
Minidoka Project.

Zonotrichia querula Nuttall. Harris Sparrow. Wyman (1911a:267)
records this bird from Nampa, Valley County, in winter.

Zonotrichia leucophrys (Forster). White-crowned Sparrow. Common
resident.

Zonotrichia albicollis (Gmelin). White-throated Sparrow. Wyman
(1912b:247) reported this bird from Nampa, Valley County, in winter.

Passerella iliaca schistacea Baird. Slate-colored Fox Sparrow.
Uncommon resident in the Transition Life-zone, and fairly common in
migration. (D. A. 1365, Pocatello Creek, 3 mi. E Pocatello, Bannock
County, April 2, 1939.)

Melospiza lincolnii alticola (Miller and McCabe). Montane Lincoln
Sparrow. Resident in the boreal zones, and fairly common in migration.
See Miller and McCabe (1935:149) for range of this subspecies.

Melospiza melodia (Wilson). Song Sparrow. Common resident.

Calcarius lapponicus alascensis Ridgway. Alaska Longspur. Uncommon[Pg 213]
migrant. Merrill (1898:15) records one specimen of this species taken
at Fort Sherman on November 13, 1896.

Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis (Linnaeus). Eastern Snow Bunting.
Uncommon migrant. Rust (1915:127) records the bird as rare in migration
in Kootenai County, and Merrill (1898:15) states that it is irregular
in winter at Fort Sherman.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aldrich, J. W.

Aldrich, J. W. and Friedmann, H.

American Ornithologists' Union Committee.

Arvey, M. D.

Behle, W. H.

Bendire, C. E.

Bond, R. M.

Brewster, W.

Brodkorb, P.

Burleigh, T. D.

[Pg 214]

Coole, H. K.

Coues, E.

Davis, W. B.

Davis, W. B. and Stevenson, J.

Duvall, H. J.

Evendon, F. G., Jr., and Evendon, J. R.

Grinnell, J.

Hand, R. L.

Hayward, C. L.

Hurley, J. B.

Jewett, S. G.

Jones, V. E.

Kenagy, F.

Low, J. B.

[Pg 215]

Low, J. B., and Nelson, M.

Marshall, W. H.

McCabe, T. T., and McCabe, E. B.

Merriam, C. H.

Merrill, J. C.

Miller, A. H.

Miller, A. H. and McCabe, T. T.

Moore, R. T.

Oberholser, H. C.

Olson, A. C., Jr.

Palmer, R. H.

Ridgway, R.

Rust, H. J.

Slipp, J. W.

Sloanaker, J. L.

Snyder, J. O.

Stone, W.

Sugden, J. W.

Taverner, P. A.

Taylor, W. P.

Tracy, H. C.

van Rossem, A. J.

Wyman, L. E.

Transmitted February 12, 1947.


21-6960